@article{Erthal-Leinig:2019aa,
	abstract = {OBJECTIVE: Fiber intake influences disturbances in the gastrointestinal tract and is associated with systemic inflammation in the general population. Systemic and intraperitoneal inflammation play an important role in defining outcomes in peritoneal dialysis (PD), but the relationship between dietary fiber intake and inflammatory biomarkers has not yet been reported in the population on PD. The objective of the present study is to analyze whether or not fiber intake in patients on PD is associated with serum and intraperitoneal levels of inflammatory biomarkers. DESIGN AND METHODS: Adult and clinically stable PD patients were included in this observational and cross-sectional study. Fiber intake was assessed by means of a dietary survey and calculated using the DietPro program 5.6i. The population was divided into two groups according to the median fiber intake. We investigated interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), B-cell-activating factor, and plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 in both serum and peritoneal fluid. The latter was determined after a dwell time of 4 hours. RESULTS: Fifty-two patients (42% men; aged 53 $\pm$ 14 years, 36% diabetics) were evaluated. Low intake of dietary fiber was found in 90% of patients, with a median of 12.2 g per day (3.4-33.3). The group with the highest fiber intake presented lower intraperitoneal levels of IL-6, IL-8, and MCP-1. In contrast, only MCP-1 was lower in the serum of those who consumed more fiber. All the associations remained significant after adjustment for confounders with plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1 included. CONCLUSIONS: Patients on PD frequently present inadequate dietary fiber intake, which appears to have an association with the inflammatory response, particularly in the intraperitoneal component. Further prospective studies, evaluating whether or not a dietetic intervention with a focus on fiber intake affects these biomarkers and clinical outcomes, are essential to determine causality and clinical relevance.},
	address = {School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a}(PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil. Electronic address: cyntia.leinig@pucpr.br.; School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a}(PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.; State University of Londrina, Londrina, Brazil; Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a} (PUCPR), Londrina, Brazil.; School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a}(PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.; School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a}(PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.; School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a}(PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.; School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a}(PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.; School of Medicine, Pontifical Catholic University of Paran{\'a}(PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil.},
	author = {Erthal Leinig, Cyntia and Pecoits-Filho, Roberto and Kunii, Luiz and Claro, Ligia Maria and Merlin, Julio and Almeida, Naiane Rodrigues de and Carvalho, Camila Rodrigues de S and Moraes, Thyago Proen{\c c}a de},
	copyright = {Copyright {\copyright}2018 National Kidney Foundation, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.},
	crdt = {2019/01/16 06:00},
	date = {2019 Jul},
	date-added = {2023-07-14 20:26:32 +0100},
	date-modified = {2023-07-14 20:26:32 +0100},
	dcom = {20200819},
	dep = {20190111},
	doi = {10.1053/j.jrn.2018.10.013},
	edat = {2019/01/16 06:00},
	issn = {1532-8503 (Electronic); 1051-2276 (Linking)},
	jid = {9112938},
	journal = {J Ren Nutr},
	jt = {Journal of renal nutrition : the official journal of the Council on Renal Nutrition of the National Kidney Foundation},
	keywords = {Fibre},
	language = {eng},
	lid = {S1051-2276(18)30253-X {$[$}pii{$]$}; 10.1053/j.jrn.2018.10.013 {$[$}doi{$]$}},
	lr = {20200819},
	mh = {Biomarkers/blood/metabolism; Cross-Sectional Studies; Diet; Dietary Fiber/*metabolism; Female; Humans; Inflammation/blood/*metabolism/*physiopathology; Male; Middle Aged; Peritoneal Cavity/*physiopathology},
	mhda = {2020/08/20 06:00},
	month = {Jul},
	number = {4},
	own = {NLM},
	pages = {322--327},
	phst = {2018/08/03 00:00 {$[$}received{$]$}; 2018/09/20 00:00 {$[$}revised{$]$}; 2018/10/20 00:00 {$[$}accepted{$]$}; 2019/01/16 06:00 {$[$}pubmed{$]$}; 2020/08/20 06:00 {$[$}medline{$]$}; 2019/01/16 06:00 {$[$}entrez{$]$}},
	pii = {S1051-2276(18)30253-X},
	pl = {United States},
	pmid = {30642655},
	pst = {ppublish},
	pt = {Journal Article; Observational Study},
	rn = {0 (Biomarkers); 0 (Dietary Fiber)},
	sb = {IM},
	status = {MEDLINE},
	title = {Low-Fiber Intake Is Associated With High Production of Intraperitoneal Inflammation Biomarkers.},
	volume = {29},
	year = {2019},
	bdsk-url-1 = {https://doi.org/10.1053/j.jrn.2018.10.013}}